Operators in PHP
In this tutorial, we will lean Operators in PHP. Operators are special symbols which tell to PHP processor to do some special operations. For example, There is + operator which tells PHP Processor to add two numbers (4+5). There are various operators available in PHP and they are divided into some categories. List of Categories:
- Arithmetic Operators
- Comparison Operators
- Assignment Operators
- Inc/Dec Operators
- Logical Operators
- String Operators
- Array Operators
Now we will learn about each category in detail. We will learn which operators are in each category and how do they work.
Arithmetic Operators:
There is a total of five operators in this category. Arithmetic operators are used to performing some basic mathematical operations. Operators in this category are +,-, /, *, %. Checklist of Arithmetic Operators.
| Operator | Name | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| + | Addition | Add Two Number | 10+5 |
| – | Subraction | Subtract second number from first umber | 10-5 |
| * | Multiplication | Multiply Two Number | 10*5 |
| / | Division | Division of Two Number | 10/5 |
| % | Modulus | Return Remainder after Devision | 10%5 |
Comparison Operators:
Comparisons operators are used to comparing two numbers. For example to check which number is greater from giver number(10>5). Result of comparison operators come in Boolean form mean 10>5 result of this would be true. List of operators in this category is as follow.
| Operator | Name | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| == | Equal | Return true if first value would equal to second | 10==10 |
| === | Identical | Return true if both operands would be of same data type | 10===10 |
| != | Not equal | Return true if both values are not same | 10!=5 |
| !== | Not identical | Return true if both values would not be of same type. | 10!===5 |
| < | Less than | Return true if first value will be less than second | 10<20 |
| > | Greater than | Return true if first value will greater than second | 10>5 |
| <= | Less than or equal to | Return true if first value will be less than or equal to second | 10<=5 |
| >= | Greater than or equal to | Return true if first value will be greater than or equals to second | 10>=5 |
Assignment Operators:
The most common Assignment operator is =. Assignment operators are used to assigning value to variables. There is a total of six assignment operators check this list.
| Operator | Name | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| = | Assign | assign value to variables | $num=10 |
| += | Add and assign | Assign value to variable after adding value on right hand side in previous value of variable | num+=10 ($num = $num+10) |
| -= | Subtract and assign | Assign value to variable after subtracting value on right hand side from previous value of variable | $num-=10 ($num=$num-10) |
| *= | Multiply and assign | Assign value to variable after Multiply value on right hand side with previous value of variable | $num*=10 ($num=$num*10) |
| /= | Divide and assign quotient | Assign value to variable after dividing previous value of variable with value on right hand | $num/=10 ($num=$num/10) |
| %= | Divide and assign modulus | Assign remainder to variable after dividing previous value of variable with value on right hand | $num%=10 ($num=$num%10) |
Inc/Dec Operators:
Increment and Decrements are unary operators means it only works with the single operand. These operators are used to increase or decrease the value of a variable by one. Both Inc and Dec come in two types pre-increment and post-increment.
| Operator | Name | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| ++ | Increment | Increment the value of $a by one, then return $a Return $a, then increment the value of $a by one |
++$a $a++ |
| — | Decrement |
Decrement the value of $a by one, then return $a Return $a, then Decrement the value of $a by one |
–$a $a– |
Logical Operators:
Logical Operators are used to check logical relation between operands. These operators are used to perform bit level operations.
| Operator | Name | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| and | And | Return TRUE if both $op1 and $op2 are true | $op1 and $op2 |
| Or | Or | Return TRUE if either $op1 or $op2 is true | $op1 or $op2 |
| xor | Xor | Return TRUE if either $op1 or $op2 is true but not both | $op1 xor $op2 |
| ! | Not | Return TRUE if $op1 is not true | ! $op1 |
| && | And | Return TRUE if either $op1 and $op2 are true | $op1 && $op2 |
| || | Or | Return TRUE if either $op1 or $op2 is true | $op1 || $op2 |
String Operators:
String operators are used to perform some special operations with Strings.
| Operator | Name | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| . | Concatenation | Concatenate $str1 with $str2 | $str1 . $str2 |
| .= | Concatenation and Assignment | First will concatenate $str1 with $str2, then assign the final concatenated string to $str1, | $str1 .= $str2 |
Array Operators:
Array operators are used to perform special operations with Arrays.
| Operator | Name | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| + | Union | Union of $num1 and $num2 | $num1 + $num2 |
| == | Equality | Return TRUE if $num1 and $num2 have same key/value pair | $num1 == $num2 |
| != | Inequality | Return TRUE if $num1 is not equal to $num2 | $num1 != $num2 |
| === | Identity | Return TRUE if $num1 and $num2 have same key/value pair of the same type in the same order | $num1 === $num2 |
| !== | Non-Identity | Return TRUE if $num1 is not identical to $num2 | $num1 !== $num2 |
| <> | Inequality | Return TRUE if $num1 is not equal to $num2 | $a <> $b |
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