Variable and DataTypes in C

By Parvesh Sandila / September 14, 2023

In this tutorial, we will learn about Variable and DataTypes in C programming language. The main motive of variables is to store data in memory while the execution of a C program. The value of variables can be changed throughout the execution of the program and we change reuse variable any number of times throughout the program.

Variable Declaration in C:

Here is the syntax that, how we can declare and initialize a variable in c program.

data_type variable_name = value;

Example Program:

#include <stdio.h>
int main () {

   /* declaring variable */
   int num1, num2;

   num1 = 10;
   num2 = 20;
  
   int ans = num1 + num2;
   printf("Ans : %d \n", ans);

   return 0;
}

Output:

Ans : 30

Data Types in C program:

Data Type determines the type and size of data associated with variables. There are several data types available in C language. It is important to note the size(storage capacity) of data types is different in different C compilers.

Type	Size (bytes)	Format Specifier	Description
int	at least 2, usually 4	%d	Use to store negative and positive numbers. eg: 5,10,15
char	1	%c	Use to store character. eg: ‘y’, ‘n’
float	4	%f	Use to store decimal numbers. eg: 10.5
double	8	%lf	Use to store decimal numbers. eg: 10.5
short int	2	%hd	Use to store small negative and positive numeric values.
unsigned int	at least 2, usually 4	%u	Use to store small only positive numeric values.
long int	at least 4, usually 8	%li	Use to store both negative or positive large numeric values.
long long int	8	%lli	Use to store both negative or positive very large numeric values.
unsigned long int	4	%lu	Use to store both only positive large numeric values.
unsigned long long int	8	%llu	Use to store both only positive very large numeric values.
long double	10,12,16	%Lf	Use to store very large negative or positive decimal values.

Please keep continuing with our next tutorial in the next tutorial we will learn about Operators in C.

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