In this tutorial, we will learn about the String in C. String is collection of character but in the background, the string is One-dimensional array is used to which terminates with null character ‘\0’. The null character at the end of the string tells the compiler about the end of the string
Initializing a String in C:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char name[] = "Owlbuddy"; //Intilizing string
char new_name[] = {'O','w','l','b','u','d','d','y'} ; //another way to Intilize string
return 0;
}
Showing String output:
There is %s format specifier in C to show string output using printf function in c. Please check out the following example program to understand.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char name[] = "Owlbuddy";
printf("Hello %s",name);
return 0;
}
Output:
Hello Owlbuddy
Taking String Input:
There are many situations when we need to get String input from user. For example, asking a user for his/her name. Please check out the following program to understand how we can take string input.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char name[20];
printf("Enter your name: ");
scanf("%s", name);
printf("Hello %s", name);
return 0;
}
Output:
Enter your name: Owlbuddy
Hello Owlbuddy
In C there are many functions which makes it really easy to work with strings in C.
Function | Description |
---|---|
strcpy(s1, s2); | This function is used to copy string1 (s1) into string2 (s2). |
strcat(s1, s2); | This function is used to concatenate string2 (s2) at the end of the string1 (s1). |
strlen(s1); | This function is used to get the length of the string. |
strcmp(s1, s2); | This function return 0 in case both (s1 and s2) strings are same. retrun < 0 in case s1<s2 and return > 0 if s1>s2. |
strchr(s1, ch); | This function return the pointer of the first occurrence of the character(ch) in given string(s1). |
strstr(s1, s2); | This function returns the pointer of the first occurrence of the string(s2) in a given string(s1). |